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Plasmas froids
text
book
book
Bonascre
Ariège Réseau Plasmas froids France Journées d’échanges 04
aut
Université de Saint-Etienne
2006
2862724254, 9782862724256
Plasmas froids : Réactivité en volume et en surfaces
text
book
book
Mottin
Stéphane
aut
Collectif
aut
Massines
Françoise
aut
édition 2004
PU Saint-Etienne
2004-10-21
2862723401
Construction and tropism characterisation of recombinant viruses exhibiting HIV-1 env gene from seminal strains
text
journalArticle
periodical
Lawrence
Philip
aut
Berlier
Willy
aut
Delezay
Olivier
aut
Palle
Sabine
aut
Olivier
Thomas
aut
Saoudin
Henia
aut
Mottin
Stéphane
aut
Lucht
Frédéric
aut
Pozzetto
Bruno
aut
Bourlet
Thomas
aut
386
2
373
379
Apr 10, 2009
2009-10-07 15:48:31
1096-0341
Virology
Virology
10.1016/j.virol.2009.01.028
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19232661
Genetic differences between blood and mucosal-derived HIV-1 strains have been widely reported. As amplification of HIV-1 strains from mucosal samples including semen or saliva by co-culture has low sensitivity, we developed the construction of chimeric viruses expressing wild-type seminal HIV-1 envelope protein. Chimeric viruses were produced by co-transfection of a V1-V3 deleted pNL 43 vector and PCR fragments spanning the deleted region, amplified from HIV-1 RNA positive seminal plasma samples. After an initial testing of co-receptor usage by a tropism recombinant test, replication capacity and amplification of these recombinant viruses were assessed using PBMC. Four chimeric replicative strains, all using CXCR4 as coreceptor, were produced. The interaction between cell-free viral particles and reporter cell lines was assessed by confocal microscopy. These replicative chimeras exhibiting HIV-1 env from seminal strains represent useful tools for the in vitro study of the heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 and testing of microbicide activity.
Cell Line
env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Genes, env
HIV-1
Humans
Male
Reassortant Viruses
Receptors, CXCR4
RNA, Viral
Semen
Sequence Alignment
Transfection
Measuring brain hemodynamic changes in a songbird: responses to hypercapnia measured with functional MRI and near-infrared spectroscopy
text
journalArticle
periodical
Vignal
C
aut
Boumans
T
aut
Montcel
B
aut
Ramstein
S
aut
Verhoye
M
aut
Van Audekerke
J
aut
Mathevon
N
aut
Van der Linden
A
aut
Mottin
S
aut
53
10
2457
2470
May 21, 2008
2009-10-07 15:48:43
0031-9155
Physics in Medicine and Biology
Phys Med Biol
10.1088/0031-9155/53/10/001
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18424882
Songbirds have been evolved into models of choice for the study of the cerebral underpinnings of vocal communication. Nevertheless, there is still a need for in vivo methods allowing the real-time monitoring of brain activity. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has been applied in anesthetized intact songbirds. It relies on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast revealing hemodynamic changes. Non-invasive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is based on the weak absorption of near-infrared light by biological tissues. Time-resolved femtosecond white laser NIRS is a new probing method using real-time spectral measurements which give access to the local variation of absorbing chromophores such as hemoglobins. In this study, we test the efficiency of our time-resolved NIRS device in monitoring physiological hemodynamic brain responses in a songbird, the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), using a hypercapnia event (7% inhaled CO(2)). The results are compared to those obtained using BOLD fMRI. The NIRS measurements clearly demonstrate that during hypercapnia the blood oxygen saturation level increases (increase in local concentration of oxyhemoglobin, decrease in deoxyhemoglobin concentration and total hemoglobin concentration). Our results provide the first correlation in songbirds of the variations in total hemoglobin and oxygen saturation level obtained from NIRS with local BOLD signal variations.
Animals
Blood Volume
Brain
Cerebrum
Hemodynamics
Hemoglobins
Hypercapnia
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Oxygen
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
Songbirds
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
Mate recognition by female zebra finch: analysis of individuality in male call and first investigations on female decoding process
text
journalArticle
periodical
Vignal
Clémentine
aut
Mathevon
Nicolas
aut
Mottin
Stéphane
aut
77
2
191
198
Feb 2008
2009-10-07 15:48:48
0376-6357
Behavioural Processes
Behav. Processes
10.1016/j.beproc.2007.09.003
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17980974
Zebra finches are monogamous birds living in large assemblies, which represent a source of confusion for recognition between mates. Because the members of a pair use distance calls to remain in contact, call-based mate recognition is highly probable in this species. Whereas it had been previously demonstrated in males [Vignal, C., Mathevon, N., Mottin, S., 2004. Audience drives male songbird response to mate's voice. Nature 430, 448-451], call-based mate recognition remained to be shown in females. By analysing the acoustic structure of male calls, we investigated the existence of an individual signature and identified the involved acoustic cues. We tested to see if females can identify their mates on the basis of their calls alone, and performed preliminary experiments using modified signals to investigate the acoustic basis of this recognition. Playback tests carried on six individuals showed that a female zebra finch is able to perform the call-based recognition of its mate. Our experiments suggested that the female uses both the energy spectrum and the frequency modulation of the male signal. More experiments are now needed to decipher precisely which acoustic cues are used by females for recognition.
Algorithms
Analysis of Variance
Animals
Auditory Perception
Female
Finches
Individuality
Male
Pair Bond
Recognition (Psychology)
Sound Spectrography
Vocalization, Animal
In vivo and noninvasive measurement of a songbird head’s optical properties
text
journalArticle
periodical
Ramstein
Stéphane
aut
Vignal
Clémentine
aut
Mathevon
Nicolas
aut
Mottin
Stéphane
aut
44
29
6197
6204
Oct 10, 2005
2009-10-07 15:48:52
0003-6935
Applied Optics
Appl Opt
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16237935
By assessing the cerebral blood volume and the hemoglobin oxygen saturation level, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) probes brain oxygenation, which reflects cerebral activity. To develop a noninvasive method monitoring the brain of a songbird, we use an original NIRS device, i.e., a white laser coupled with an ultrafast spectrotemporal detector of optical signals without wavelength scanning. We perform in vivo measurements of the absorption coefficient and the reduced scattering coefficient of the caudal nidopallium area of the head of a songbird (the zebra finch).
Animals
Brain
Brain Mapping
Cerebrovascular Circulation
Finches
Head
Hemoglobins
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
Lasers
Spectrophotometry, Infrared
Audience drives male songbird response to partner’s voice
text
journalArticle
periodical
Vignal
Clémentine
aut
Mathevon
Nicolas
aut
Mottin
Stéphane
aut
430
6998
448
451
Jul 22, 2004
2009-10-07 15:48:55
1476-4687
Nature
Nature
10.1038/nature02645
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15269767
According to the social intelligence hypothesis, social context represents an important force driving the selection of animal cognitive abilities such as the capacity to estimate the nature of the social relationships between other individuals. Despite this importance, the influence of this force has been assessed only in primates and never in other animals showing social interactions. In this way, avian communication generally takes place in a network of signallers and receivers, which represents an audience altering individual signalling behaviours. Indeed, vocal amplitude and repertoire are known to be socially regulated and the attitude towards the opposite sex may change depending on the audience. This ‘audience effect’ provides support for the reality of social awareness in some bird species. However no evidence has yet been found to suggest that birds are able to estimate the characteristics of the social relationships between group-mates. Here we show that the male of a gregarious songbird species–the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata)–pays attention to the mating status of conspecific pairs, and uses this information to control its behaviour towards its female partner.
Acoustic Stimulation
Acoustics
Animals
Auditory Perception
Brain
Cues
Discrimination Learning
Female
Male
Pair Bond
Social Behavior
Songbirds
Vocalization, Animal
Inhibition of NADH oxidation by chloramphenicol in the freely moving rat measured by picosecond time-resolved emission spectroscopy
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin
Stéphane
aut
Laporte
Pierre
aut
Cespuglio
Raymond
aut
84
4
633
642
Feb 2003
2009-10-07 15:49:00
0022-3042
Journal of Neurochemistry
J. Neurochem
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12562508
Owing to the lack of methods capable to monitor the energetic processes taking place within small brain regions (i.e. nucleus raphe dorsalis, nRD), the neurotoxicity of various categories of substances, including antibiotics and psycho-active drugs, still remains difficult to evaluate. Using an in vivo picosecond optical spectroscopy imaging method, we report that chloramphenicol (CAP), besides its well-known ability to inhibit the mitochondria protein synthesis, also influences the NADH/NAD+ redox processes of the respiratory chain. At a 200-mg/kg dose, CAP indeed produces a marked increase in the fluorescent signal of the nRD which, according to clear evidence, is likely to be related to the NADH concentration. This effect also implies an efficient inhibition of complex I of the respiratory chain by CAP. It refers to the mechanism through which the adverse effects of the antibiotic may take place. It could explain why paradoxical sleep, a state needing aerobic energy to occur, is suppressed after CAP administration. The present approach constitutes the first attempt to determine by fluorescence methods the effects of substances on deep brain structures of the freely moving animal. It points out that in vivo ultrafast optical methods are innovative and adequate tools for combined neurochemical and behavioural approaches.
Animals
Barbiturates
Behavior, Animal
Chloramphenicol
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Electron Transport
Electron Transport Complex I
Fiber Optic Technology
Lasers
Male
NAD
NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases
Oxidation-Reduction
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
Raphe Nuclei
Rats
Rats, Inbred Strains
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Time Factors
Wakefulness
Determination of NADH in the rat brain during sleep-wake states with an optic fibre sensor and time-resolved fluorescence procedures
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin
S
aut
Laporte
P
aut
Jouvet
M
aut
Cespuglio
R
aut
79
3
683
693
Aug 1997
2009-10-07 15:49:06
0306-4522
Neuroscience
Neuroscience
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9219933
The present paper reports a nanosecond time-resolved fluorescence derived from the cortex and the area of the periaqueductal gray including the nucleus raphe dorsalis (PAG-nRD) in unanaesthetized freely moving rats. The measurements were acquired through a single optic fibre transmitting a subnanosecond nitrogen laser pulse (337 nm, 15 Hz) and collecting the brain fluorescence occurring at 460 nm which might depend on mitochondrial NADH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). The fluorometric method was combined with polygraphic recordings, and this procedure allowed us to define, for the first time, variations of the 460 nm signal occurring throughout the sleep-wake cycle. In the PAG-nRD, the signal exhibited moderate heterogeneous variation in amplitude during slow-wave as compared to the waking state. Constant increases were observed during paradoxical sleep as compared to the waking state. For this state of sleep the magnitude of the variations depended on the optic fibre location. In the cortex and during either slow-wave sleep or paradoxical sleep, the signal presented moderate increases which were significant during paradoxical sleep. The magnitude of the redox variations observed either in the PAG-nRD or in the cortex might be ascribed to the oxidative energy balance which is related to sleep states.
Animals
Brain
Fluorescence
Histological Techniques
Lasers
Male
NAD
Rats
Sleep
Wakefulness
ISI Web of Knowledge [v.4.6] – All Databases Results
multimedia
webpage
web site
2009-10-07 16:30:09
http://apps.isiknowledge.com.gate1.inist.fr/summary.do?qid=1&product=UA&SID=X2pA7KKPFPNdC4jaG88&search_mode=GeneralSearch
ISI Web of Knowledge [v.4.6] – All Databases Results
multimedia
webpage
web site
2009-10-07 16:30:12
http://apps.isiknowledge.com.gate1.inist.fr/summary.do?qid=1&product=UA&SID=X2pA7KKPFPNdC4jaG88&search_mode=GeneralSearch
Two-photon deep imaging through skin and skull of Zebra finches : Preliminary studies for in vivo brain metabolism monitoring – art. no. 64421M
text
journalArticle
periodical
Abi-Haidar
D.
aut
Olivier
T.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Vignal
C.
aut
Mathevon
N.
aut
6442
M4421-M4421
M4421-M4421
2007
Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences VII
Zebra Finches are songbirds which constitute a model for neuro-ethologists to study the neuro-mechanisms of vocal recognition. For this purpose, in vivo and non invasive monitoring of brain activity is required during acoustical stimulation. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or NIRS (Near InfraRed Spectroscopy) are suitable methods for these measurements, even though MRI is difficult to link quantitatively with neural activity and NIRS suffers from a poor resolution. In the particular case of songbirds (whose skin is thin and quite transparent and whose skull structure is hollow), two-photon microscopy enables a quite deep penetration in tissues and could be an alternative. We present here preliminary studies on the feasability of two-photon microscopy in these conditions. To do so, we chose to image hollow fibers, filled with Rhodamine B, through the skin of Zebra finches in order to evaluate the spatial resolution we may expect in future in vivo experiments. Moreover, we used the reflectance-mode confocal configuration to evaluate the exponential decrease of backreflected light in skin and in skull samples. Following this procedure recently proposed by S.L. Jacques and co-workers, we planned to determine the scattering coefficient mu(s) and the anisotropy g of these tissues and make a comparison between fixed and fresh skin and skull samples for future Monte Carlo simulations of the scattering in our particular multi-layered structure.
Periasamy, A So, PTC
Conference on Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences VII
JAN 21-23, 2007
San Jose, CA
Microtooling by ultrashort laser pulses
text
journalArticle
periodical
Baubeau
E.
aut
Le Harzic
R.
aut
Audouard
E.
aut
Jonin
C.
aut
Courbon
M.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
11
PR7
93
94
2001
Journal De Physique Iv
5th Colloquium on Coherent and Incoherent UV, VUV and X-Ray Sources – Applications and Recent Developments
MAY 16-19, 2000
PORQUEROLLES, FRANCE
Micromachining with high repetition rate femtosecond laser sources
text
journalArticle
periodical
Baubeau
E.
aut
Le Harzic
R.
aut
Jonin
C.
aut
Audouard
E.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Courbon
M.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
4088
48
50
2000
1st International Symposium on Laser Precision Microfabrication
Ultrashort duration laser sources are considered as a promising tool for new micromachining applications: precise microdrilling and microcutting on various materials, As an illustration of the “non thermal” micromachining, we also paid attention to precious wood. Cutting is achieved without burning, and the cut surface remains undamaged. However, until now, only low-average-power sources are available. An average power level of 10 W appears to be the lowest limit for this type of laser to really become industrial. We are presently developping such a source based on the use of a 15kHz, 100W copper HyBrID laser as a pump laser. Thus, we intend to reach in a near future a typical drilling rate of one mm per second, for instance, in stainless steel compared with a 50 microns per second drilling rate obtained with presently available KHz and low-average-power sources. Micromachining obtained with our a 1 KHz source will be presented and discussed.
Miyamoto, I Sugioka, K Sigmon, TW
1st International Symposium on Laser Precision Microfabrication
JUN 14-16, 2000
OMIYA, JAPAN
Diode-end-pumped laser source with tunable short UV pulses
text
journalArticle
periodical
Gaignet
M.
aut
Balembois
F.
aut
Louradour
F.
aut
Couderc
V.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
Barthelemy
A.
aut
Georges
P.
aut
Brun
A.
aut
23
233
234
1998
Annales De Physique
C1
Femtosecond laser ablation of carbon: Analysis of plasma plume and thin layer deposition
text
journalArticle
periodical
Garrelie
F.
aut
Jonin
C.
aut
Catherinot
A.
aut
Champeaux
C.
aut
Baubeau
E.
aut
Audouard
E.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
11
PR7
95
96
2001
Journal De Physique Iv
5th Colloquium on Coherent and Incoherent UV, VUV and X-Ray Sources – Applications and Recent Developments
MAY 16-19, 2000
PORQUEROLLES, FRANCE
TIME RESOLVED TRANSIENT ABSORPTION PROBING OF A LASER PLASMA
text
journalArticle
periodical
Hemici
M.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Bon
M.
aut
Roncin
J. Y
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
1
12
2061
2065
1991
Journal De Physique Iii
The described experimental setup allows the kinetic analysis of a pulsed-laser generated gas-plasma by transient visible absorption spectroscopy at a time resolution of 10 ns and a spectral resolution of 0.3 cm-1. Absorption from the first-4s level manifold towards the 5p level manifold of the argon atom is reported in the spectral range around 420 nm. An example of time dependence is given for the 4s[3/2]2 level population.
Optical systems in ultrafast biophotonics
text
journalArticle
periodical
Laporte
P.
aut
Ramstein
S.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
5249
490
500
2004
Optical Design and Engineering
In the field of biophotonics the main goals are the control and processing of in vivo biological tissues and the monitoring of biomolecule dynamics. Two particular “pitfalls” are present: the dynamic multiscale organization and the photostress of the medium. Until now the state of the art of the pico-femtosecond systems designed to these applications shows that the changing laser technology has been only used as an add-on. Our approach is based on a bottom-up procedure and on the medium-centered knowledge. The range of neurobiological applications of ultrafast photonics extends from TRP (time-resolved propagation) to linear and non-linear TRE (time-resolved emission). The device combines a one kilohertz chirp pulse amplification laser system and a single shot streak camera. For discrete wavelength applications (TRE), the set-up is a SHG/OPG/OPA(3)/SHG design. In the case of TRP, the beam is focused into pure water to generate a white light continuum. After propagation through tissue, a single-shot streak camera with single photo-electron counting capability performs the picosecond time-resolved spectroscopy of the collected photons. Depending on the acceptable level of photostress, the integration time can extend from 33ms up to several minutes with a real-time control of the jitter and time drifts. The meaning of the TRE spectro-temporal image is particularly detailed in the 450-480nm excitation window in regards to the contributions of mitochondrial flavoproteins. This optical system fulfills the reliability and the sensitivity, conditions required for measuring opto-electronic quantities from freely moving animal at low irradiation.
Mazuray, L Rogers, PJ Wartmann, R
Conference on Optical Design and Engineering
SEP 30-OCT 03, 2003
St Etienne, FRANCE
Systèmes femtosecondes
text
book
book
Laporte-
P.
aut
Salin
F.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
ISBN 2-86272-210-3
PUSE
2001
Construction and tropism characterisation of recombinant viruses exhibiting HIV-1 env gene from seminal strains
text
journalArticle
periodical
Lawrence
Philip
aut
Berlier
Willy
aut
Delezay
Olivier
aut
Palle
Sabine
aut
Olivier
Thomas
aut
Saoudin
Henia
aut
Mottin
Stephane
aut
Lucht
Frederic
aut
Pozzetto
Bruno
aut
Bourlet
Thomas
aut
386
2
373
9
2009
Virology
Genetic differences between blood and mucosal-derived HIV-1 strains have been widely reported. As amplification of HIV-1 strains from mucosal samples including semen or saliva by co-culture has low sensitivity, we developed the construction of chimeric viruses expressing wild-type seminal HIV-1 envelope protein. Chimeric viruses were produced by co-transfection of a V1-V3 deleted pNL 43 vector and PCR fragments spanning the deleted region, amplified from HIV-1 RNA positive seminal plasma samples. After an initial testing of co-receptor usage by a tropism recombinant test, replication capacity and amplification of these recombinant viruses were assessed using PBMC. Four chimeric replicative strains, all using CXCR4 as coreceptor, were produced. The interaction between cell-free viral particles and reporter cell lines was assessed by confocal microscopy. These replicative chimeras exhibiting HIV-1 env from seminal strains represent useful tools for the in vitro study of the heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 and testing of microbicide activity.
Time-resolved UV-blue laser spectroscopy of brain tissue in freely moving rodents: An opportunity to assess energy metabolism
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mathevon
N.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
12
424
424
2000
European Journal of Neuroscience
S
LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE ON DEEP TISSUES OF THE RAT-BRAIN – APPLICATION TO A STUDY OF THE SLEEP-WAKE CYCLE
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin
S. J
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
Jouvet
M.
aut
19
5
187
194
1994
Annales De Physique
A nanosecond time resolved fluorescence, derived from the nucleus Raphe dorsalis (nRD) of the rat is reported. A single optical fiber is used for the transmission of the subnanosecond nitrogen laser pulse (337nm) and the collection of the NADH brain fluorescence at 460nm. This method also combined with polygraphic recordings, is used in animals under long-term chronic conditions and unanesthetized. Thoughout the Sleep-Wake cycle and versus the waking state (W), the NADH peak measured increases during slow wave sleep (SWS) and paradoxical sleep (PS) or during PS only. The variations observed are dependent upon the optical fiber location within the nRD. The existence of oxidation mechanisms for sleep triggering and maintenance are discussed.
2nd Conference on Coherent and Incoherent UV, VUV and X-ray Sources – Applications and Recent Developments
JUN 13-16, 1994
NOUAN FUZELIER, FRANCE
Generation of a white-light continuum for time-resolved spectral analysis of scattering media
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin
S.
aut
Jonin
C.
aut
Baubeau
E.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
11
PR7
185
186
2001
Journal De Physique Iv
5th Colloquium on Coherent and Incoherent UV, VUV and X-Ray Sources – Applications and Recent Developments
MAY 16-19, 2000
PORQUEROLLES, FRANCE
Emission spectroscopy of the nucleus raphe dorsalis in the unanesthetized rat during 300-355 nm UV laser excitation
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin
S.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
Jouvet
M.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
22
179
180
1997
Annales De Physique
3rd Colloquium on Coherent and Incoherent UV, VUV and X-Ray Sources – Applications and Recent Developments
MAY 20-23, 1996
ALSACE, FRANCE
FIBEROPTIC TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE SENSOR FOR INVITRO SEROTONIN DETERMINATION
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin
S.
aut
Tranminh
C.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
Jouvet
M.
aut
47
5
590
597
1993
Applied Spectroscopy
At pH 7 and with the excitation at wavelengths above 315 nm, previously unreported fluorescence of 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) is observed. Two fluorescence bands were observed for 5-HT; the first emits at around 390 nm with an associated lifetime near 1 ns, and the other (well known) emits at 340 nm with an associated lifetime of 2.7 ns. With both static and time-resolved fluorescences, the spectral and temporal effects of the excitation wavelength were studied between 285 and 340 nm. With these basic spectroscopic properties as a starting point, a fiber-optic chemical sensor (FOCS) was developed in order to measure 5-HT with a single-fiber configuration, nitrogen laser excitation, and fast digitizing techniques. Temporal effects including fluorescence of the optical fiber were studied and compared with measurements both directly in cuvette and through the fiber-optic sensor. Less than thirty seconds are required for each measurement. A detection limit of 5-HT is reached in the range of 5 muM. Our system, with an improved sensitivity, could therefore be a possible and convenient ”tool” for in vivo determination of 5-HT.
EX-VIVO FLUORESCENCE OF CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID DRAWN FROM RATS COMPARED TO IN-VIVO EMISSION FROM THE NUCLEUS RAPHE DORSALIS
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin
S.
aut
Tranminh
C.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
Jouvet
M.
aut
4
C4
261
264
1994
Journal De Physique Iv
The fluorescence properties of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drawn from the rat cisterna magna, are investigated and compared to the in vivo emission derived from the nucleus raphe dorsalis of the freely moving rat. Measurement in the CSF in ex vivo conditions or in situ in the nucleus raphe dorsalis, were realized by way of a fiber optic chemical sensor (FOCS). The in vivo emission, obtained with an excitation wavelength at 337 nm, exhibits 2 peaks around 410 and 460 nm. Absorption spectra, steady-state emission spectra and laser induced time-resolved fluorescence of CSF are reported. With excitation wavelength in the ranges 300-315 nm, 320-355 nm and 360-470 nm, the steady-state emission spectra of CSF exhibit peaks respectively around 340 nm, 390 nm and 530 nm. Despite the limitation attached to the anatomical position, the above data together with those of the literature suggest that in vivo fluorescent signal may be essentially dependent upon intracellular NADH.
3rd International Conference: Laser M2P
DEC 08-10, 1993
ECOLE NORMALE SUPER LYON, LYON, FRANCE
Inhibition of NADH oxidation by chloramphenicol in the freely moving rat measured by picosecond time-resolved emission spectroscopy
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin-
S.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
84
4
633
642
2003
Journal of Neurochemistry
Owing to the lack of methods capable to monitor the energetic processes taking place within small brain regions (i.e. nucleus raphe dorsalis, nRD), the neurotoxicity of various categories of substances, including antibiotics and psycho-active drugs, still remains difficult to evaluate. Using an in vivo picosecond optical spectroscopy imaging method, we report that chloramphenicol (CAP), besides its well-known ability to inhibit the mitochondria protein synthesis, also influences the NADH/NAD(+) redox processes of the respiratory chain. At a 200-mg/kg dose, CAP indeed produces a marked increase in the fluorescent signal of the nRD which, according to clear evidence, is likely to be related to the NADH concentration. This effect also implies an efficient inhibition of complex I of the respiratory chain by CAP. It refers to the mechanism through which the adverse effects of the antibiotic may take place. It could explain why paradoxical sleep, a state needing aerobic energy to occur, is suppressed after CAP administration. The present approach constitutes the first attempt to determine by fluorescence methods the effects of substances on deep brain structures of the freely moving animal. It points out that in vivo ultrafast optical methods are innovative and adequate tools for combined neurochemical and behavioural approaches.
Determination of NADPH in the rat brain during sleep-wake states with an optic fibre sensor and time-resolved fluorescence procedures
text
journalArticle
periodical
Mottin-
S.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
Jouvet
M.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
79
3
683
693
1997
Neuroscience
The present paper reports a nanosecond time-resolved fluorescence derived from the cortex and the area of the periaqueductal gray including the nucleus raphe dorsalis (PAG-nRD) in unanaesthetized freely moving rats. The measurements were acquired through a single optic fibre transmitting a subnanosecond nitrogen laser pulse (337 nm, 15 Hz) and collecting the brain fluorescence occurring at 460 nm which might depend on mitochondrial NADH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). The fluorometric method was combined with polygraphic recordings, and this procedure allowed us to define, for the first time, variations of the 460 nm signal occurring throughout the sleep-wake cycle. In the PAG-nRD, the signal exhibited moderate heterogeneous variation in amplitude during slow-wave as compared to the waking state. Constant increases were observed during paradoxical sleep as compared to the waking state. For this state of sleep the magnitude of the variations depended on the optic fibre location. In the cortex and during either slow-wave sleep or paradoxical sleep, the signal presented moderate increases which were significant during paradoxical sleep. The magnitude of the redox variations observed either in the PAG-nRD or in the cortex might be ascribed to the oxidative energy balance which is related to sleep stales. (C) 1997 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Time-resolved spectroscopy with femtosecond continuum – Applications in neurobiology
text
journalArticle
periodical
Ramstein
S.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
108
127
130
2003
Journal De Physique Iv
6th Meeting on Coherent Sources and Incoherent Sources of UV VUV and X
JUN 11-14, 2002
OLERON, FRANCE
Optimisation of the emission of the femtosecond of white light between 600 nm and 800 nm
text
journalArticle
periodical
Ramstein
S.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
127
111
115
2005b
Journal De Physique Iv
7th Colloquium on Coherent and Incoherence UV, VUV and X Sources
JUN 07-11, 2004
St Etienne, FRANCE
In vivo brain spectroscopy with femtosecond white light continuum
text
journalArticle
periodical
Ramstein
S.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
4613
188
197
2002
Optical Biopsy Iv
Our purpose is to spectrally probe the main brain absorbers. The determination of their spatial distribution remains a challenge. According to anatomical data. the proposed 3D model of the rat pial-cortical vascular networks is divided into three parts: (1) the pial vessels could be approximated by a dense layer of around 250mum depth. (2) the penetrating vessels repartition is described as periodic hexagonal prisms with three modules (edges equal to 270mum. 156mum and 90mum); (3) the capillary network is modelized using a periodic tiling of polyhedron with a density of 817mm.mm(-3) and a branching pattern of 10000mm(-3). With anaesthetized rats under stereotaxic conditions, in vivo time-resolved brain spectroscopy experiments are presented. The setup is designed to allow broadband time-resolved spectroscopy using a streak camera. A femtosecond white light continuum is produced by focusing 800nm pulses (0.5mJ, 1kHz, 150fs) in an adapted third order non linear medium. In the case of water, the spectrum expands over 380-780nm with an efficiency of 20%. Mathematical homogenization techniques could be applied to the radiative transfer equation with this geometrical vascular architecture and might be useful to analyse in depth time-resolved spectroscopy of such complex media.
Alfano, RR
Conference on Optical Biopsy IV
JAN 21-23, 2002
SAN JOSE, CA
In vivo and noninvasive measurement of a songbird head’s optical properties
text
journalArticle
periodical
Ramstein
S.
aut
Vignal
C.
aut
Mathevon
N.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
44
29
6197
6204
2005
Applied Optics
By assessing the cerebral blood volume and the hemoglobin oxygen saturation level, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) probes brain oxygenation, which reflects cerebral activity. To develop a noninvasive method monitoring the brain of a songbird, we use an original NIRS device, i.e., a white laser coupled with an ultrafast spectrotemporal detector of optical signals without wavelength scanning. We perform in vivo measurements of the absorption coefficient and the reduced scattering coefficient of the caudal nidopallium area of the head of a songbird (the zebra finch). (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.
NADH measurement using a tripled YAG microchip laser
text
journalArticle
periodical
Sirgant
A.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
Cespuglio
R.
aut
Pedri
C.
aut
Laporte
P.
aut
9
P5
119
120
1999
Journal De Physique Iv
4th Colloquium on Coherent and Incoherent Sources of UV, VUV and X-Ray Radiation – Applications and Recent Developments
OCT 06-09, 1998
COLLONGES LA ROUGE, FRANCE
Lasers et Technologies Femtosecondes
text
book
book
Uteza
O.
aut
Sentis
M.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
PUSE
2005
Audience drives male songbird response to partner’s voice
text
journalArticle
periodical
Vignal
C.
aut
Mathevon
N.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
430
6998
448
451
2004
Nature
According to the social intelligence hypothesis, social context represents an important force driving the selection of animal cognitive abilities such as the capacity to estimate the nature of the social relationships between other individuals(1-4). Despite this importance, the influence of this force has been assessed only in primates and never in other animals showing social interactions(5-7). In this way, avian communication generally takes place in a network of signallers and receivers, which represents an audience altering individual signalling behaviours(8,9). Indeed, vocal amplitude(10) and repertoire(11) are known to be socially regulated and the attitude towards the opposite sex may change depending on the audience(8,12,13). This ‘audience effect’(8,14-16) provides support for the reality of social awareness in some bird species. However no evidence has yet been found to suggest that birds are able to estimate the characteristics of the social relationships between group-mates. Here we show that the male of a gregarious songbird species-the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata)-pays attention to the mating status of conspecific pairs, and uses this information to control its behaviour towards its female partner.
Mate recognition by female zebra finch: Analysis of individuality in male call and first investigations on female decoding process
text
journalArticle
periodical
Vignal
C.
aut
Mathevon
N.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
77
2
191
198
2008b
Behavioural Processes
Zebra finches are monogamous birds living in large assemblies, which represent a source of confusion for recognition between mates. Because the members of a pair use distance calls to remain in contact, call-based mate recognition is highly probable in this species. Whereas it had been previously demonstrated in males [Vignal, C., Mathevon, N., Mottin, S., 2004. Audience drives male songbird response to mate's voice. Nature 430, 448-45 1], call-based mate recognition remained to be shown in females. By analysing the acoustic structure of male calls, we investigated the existence of an individual signature and identified the involved acoustic Cues. We tested to see if females can identify their mates on the basis of their calls alone, and performed preliminary experiments using modified signals to investigate the acoustic basis of this recognition. Playback tests carried on six individuals showed that a female zebra finch is able to perforin the call-based recognition of its mate. Our experiments suggested that the female uses both the energy spectrum and the frequency modulation of the male signal. More experiments are now needed to decipher precisely which acoustic cues are used by females for recognition. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Measuring brain hemodynamic changes in a songbird: responses to hypercapnia measured with functional MRI and near-infrared spectroscopy
text
journalArticle
periodical
Vignal-
C.
aut
Boumans
T.
aut
Montcel
B.
aut
Ramstein
S.
aut
Verhoye
M.
aut
Van Audekerke
J.
aut
Mathevon
N.
aut
Van der Linden
A.
aut
Mottin
S.
aut
53
10
2457
2470
2008
Physics in Medicine and Biology
Songbirds have been evolved into models of choice for the study of the cerebral underpinnings of vocal communication. Nevertheless, there is still a need for in vivo methods allowing the real-time monitoring of brain activity. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has been applied in anesthetized intact songbirds. It relies on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast revealing hemodynamic changes. Non-invasive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is based on the weak absorption of near-infrared light by biological tissues. Time-resolved femtosecond white laser NIRS is a new probing method using real-time spectral measurements which give access to the local variation of absorbing chromophores such as hemoglobins. In this study, we test the efficiency of our time-resolved NIRS device in monitoring physiological hemodynamic brain responses in a songbird, the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), using a hypercapnia event (7% inhaled CO2). The results are compared to those obtained using BOLD fMRI. The NIRS measurements clearly demonstrate that during hypercapnia the blood oxygen saturation level increases (increase in local concentration of oxyhemoglobin, decrease in deoxyhemoglobin concentration and total hemoglobin concentration). Our results provide the first correlation in songbirds of the variations in total hemoglobin and oxygen saturation level obtained from NIRS with local BOLD signal variations.
